Electronegativity yog txheej txheej ntawm cov neeg txheeb ze qhov tseem ceeb uas qhia txog kev nyiam ntawm cov atom rau electrons thaum ib qho molecule tsim txoj kev sib cog. Electronegativity yuav siv sij hawm rau hauv tus account ionization lub zog thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw. Nws yog thawj zaug tsim los ntawm Linus Karl Pauling (LC Pauling) tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1932. Cov nqi hluav taws xob muaj ntau dua ntawm cov khoom, qhov muaj zog ntau dua ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov atom mus rau kev ua kom cov xaim hluav taws xob thaum tsim cov tshuaj sib txuas.
Xam txheej txheem
Muaj ntau txoj hauv kev rau suav cov electronegativity, thiab tus nqi ntawm electronegativity rau txhua txoj kev sib txawv, thiab muaj peb tus neeg sawv cev.
Scale Cov ntsuas los ntawm Pauling. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv thermochemical thiab cov zog molecular daim ntawv cog lus, electronegativity ntawm fluorine yog teev raws li 3.98, thiab tus txheeb ze electronegativity ntawm lwm cov ntsiab yog xam.
AbsoluteQhov electronegativity meej xam los ntawm Millikan los ntawm cov ionization muaj peev xwm thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw.
Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob hauv qhov hluav taws xob tau thov los ntawm Allais raws li kev sib tham ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntawm cov hluav taws xob nruab nrab ntawm cov xaim thiab cov xaim. Thaum siv electronegativity qhov tseem ceeb, tib lub teeb ntawm qhov tseem ceeb yuav tsum raug siv rau kev sib piv.