Vim li cas rau kev tsim cov hluav taws xob dawb
Cov hlau atoms feem ntau muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua hauv txheej txheej sab nraud, thiab cov xov hlau tsis tshua zoo nkauj rau lawv. Thaum cov hlau hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua ke ua ib lub pob zeb siv hlau, sab hauv txheej hluav taws xob tawm ntawm niam txiv atom thiab ua hluav taws xob dawb. Ntau, ntau lub tshuab hluav taws xob pub dawb tsim hluav taws xob huab (lossis hluav taws xob roj). Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ib daim teb hluav taws xob sab nraud, hluav taws xob pub dawb tuaj yeem hla lub zog kev taw qhia kom tsim tau tam sim no.
Cov xaim hluav taws xob tau nyiam los ntawm lub keeb thiab txav mus ncig ntawm lub nucleus. Qhov kev ntxim nyiam ntawm atomic nuclei tau muab faib ua qhov muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog. Thaum ob lub atoms sib txawv ze rau ib leeg, nyob rau qee qhov xwm txheej (xws li qhov ntsuas kub nce), qhov ceev ntawm cov hluav taws xob sab nraud lub qias ua kom nrawm nrawm, ua rau cov xaim hluav taws xob zoo dua. Lub pob hluav taws xob zoo siab rau lub neej yav dhau los thiab tawm hauv lub qia los tsim lub tshuab hluav taws xob dawb. Lwm qhov laj thawj yog vim muaj xwm txheej sab nraud (xws li qhov kub nce siab), lub peev xwm ntawm hluav taws xob txav tau zoo dua. Txij li thaum muaj peev xwm nyiam cov atomic nuclei pom tau hais tsis pub dhau qee yam, qhov ntsuas kub nce lub zog lub zog lub zog ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab nce nws lub peev xwm txav. Nrog rau qee yam kev tshwm sim, qhov kev txav mus dhau ntawm qhov sib txuam ntawm cov atomic nucleus yuav ua rau cov xaim xaim hluav taws xob khiav tawm ntawm qhov kev ua qhev ntawm lub cev hluav taws xob thiab tsim kom muaj hluav taws xob dawb. Qhov laj thawj qub yog los ntawm kev hloov tshuaj, qhov tom kawg yuav tsum yog hloov cev nqaij daim tawv, vim tias tsis muaj cov khoom tshiab tsim, tab sis cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov tom kawg dawb hluav taws xob yog raws nraim qhov kev sib txuas ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thaum ua tiav cov tshuaj lom neeg.