Ob lub ntsej muag ntawm gel electrophoresis thev naus laus zis thiab kev siv tshuab loj spectrometry yog tam sim no qhov kev siv ntau tshaj plaws rau kev kawm proteomics. Ob lub ntsej muag ntawm gel electrophoresis thev naus laus zis siv protein isoelectric point thiab molecular phaus sib txawv kom paub qhov txawv cov protein ntau. Txawm hais tias nws nyuaj rau qhov sib txawv cov protein tsawg los ntawm ob-txheej gel electrophoresis, nws muaj qhov yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm ntau dua, tab sis nws muaj cov ntsiab lus siab, kev daws teeb meem zoo thiab rov ua dua tshiab, thiab nws cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev sib xyaw nrog huab hwm coj ua kom nws nrov tshaj plaws thiab ntseeg tau. Proteomics tshawb cov hau kev. Ob lub ntsej muag ntawm gel electrophoresis thev naus laus zis thiab huab hwm coj tsom kev tshawb nrhiav cov txheej txheem yog qauv npaj → isoelectric tsom mus rau → polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis → gel staining → khawb tawm cov protein tawm ntawm kev txaus siab → hauv-gel kev zom → huab hwm coj tsom xam qhov txiav txim siab los txiav peptides Fingerprint lossis ib feem ntawm cov amino acid sequence → siv database los txiav txim siab protein. Kev tshawb nrhiav Proteomics yuav tsum muaj qhov muaj protein ntau los sib cais thiab qhov muaj peev xwm paub txog ntau hom kev qhia pom ntau yam hauv lub cev. Cov xim ntawm cov protein hauv gel electrophoresis tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov protein sib cais, tab sis kuj cuam tshuam rau kev txheeb xyuas tom ntej loj spectrometry. Kev tiv thaiv cov leeg muaj peev xwm raug faib ua plaub pawg: organic reagent staining, silver staining, fluorescent staining thiab isotope coloration.
Unlu li al. npaj siab nthuav dav fluorescence plawg zaub ob-seem hluav taws xob electrophoresis (F-2D-DIGE) cov duab hluav taws xob tsom kev ntsuas tsom txuj kev. Cov roj ntsha sib txawv ntawm cov xim electrophoresis (DIGE) yog kev txhim kho txuj ci ntawm 2-DE. Nws txuas cov qauv ntawm ntau cov tshuaj fluorescence tsom. Nws cais ntau tus qauv ntawv sau nrog cov fluorescence sib txawv ntawm tib lub gel thiab qhia sab hauv lub tswv yim. Cov protein nyob hauv ob qho piv txwv yog sib xyaw nrog cov ntawv sib txawv fluorescent los ua 2-DE txhawm rau txhawm rau txheeb xyuas qhov kev qhia ntawm cov protein hauv ob qho qauv, uas zoo heev txhim kho qhov tseeb, kev ntseeg tau thiab rov ua dua ntawm cov txiaj ntsig. Hauv DIGE thev naus laus zis, txhua qhov nqaij hlav protein muaj nws tus kheej sab hauv tus qauv, thiab cov software tuaj yeem ntsuas nws cov lus qhia raws li tus qauv sab hauv ntawm txhua qhov nqaij nyoos protein kom paub tseeb tias cov protein ntau pom tias muaj kev hloov pauv muaj tseeb. DIGE thev naus laus zis tau siv rau hauv ntau qhov qauv.