Atom Taw Qhia
Atoms yog cov tsawg tshaj plaws cuam tshuam los ntawm kev siv tshuaj lom neeg. Ib qho zoo ntawm cov atom muaj cov roj ntom ntom nti thiab ntau ntau ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsis zoo tiv thaiv cov hluav taws xob puag ncig lub nucleus. Lub pob hluav taws xob ntawm lub atom tsis zoo yog qhov tsis zoo them, thiab cov hluav taws xob ib puag ncig tsis zoo raug them. Lub nucleus ntawm atom zoo muaj cov pov thawj zoo tiv thaiv cov protons thiab neutrons nruab nrab. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv cov khoom nyob rau hauv lub nucleus ntawm atom tsis zoo yog them tsis zoo, yog li muaj qhov tsis zoo them lub nucleus ntawm lub atom tsis zoo. Thaum tus naj npawb ntawm cov protons yog tib yam li tus xov tooj ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, qhov atom yog hluav taws xob nruab nrab; txwv tsis pub, nws yog ib lub ion nrog tus nqi them qhov zoo lossis tsis zoo. Nyob ntawm seb muaj pes tsawg tus protons thiab neutrons, hom atom sib txawv: tus naj npawb ntawm protons txiav txim siab seb lub koom haum twg atom yog, thiab tus lej ntawm neutrons txiav txim seb isotope ntawm lub caij lub atom yog. Cov atoms ua cov sib nqus, thiab tib cov nqi ntawm cov nqi sib pauv, thiab cov nqi sib txawv muaj sib nyiam.