Raws li tus yam ntxwv thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hniav, tuaj yeem faib ua pawg hauv qab no:
1. Cov xwm txheej: nyob sab pem hauv ntej ntawm lub qhov ncauj, tag nrho muaj s, nce, sab laug thiab sab xis. Tus yam ntxwv pom tau zoo yog lub hau ntawm hniav yog duav-puab thaum saib ntawm daim di ncauj sab thiab npoo zoo li thaum pom los ntawm cov npoo uas nyob ib sab. Hniav caj dab yog lub thickest, kom txog rau thaum tus ntug incisal maj mam ua thinner, ua tag nrho cov ridges. Lub incisor yog ib qho cag.
2. Cov Fangs: nyob ze rau ntawm ces kaum ntawm lub qhov ncauj, muaj 4 lub sab sauv, qis dua, sab laug thiab sab xis kom txhawb nqa daim di ncauj los ua lawv plump. Nws yog tus cwj pwm ntawm cov xim ntawm cov yas thiab cov taub hau nthuav tawm ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov npoo incisal. Lub hauv paus yog lub hauv paus, ntev thiab ncaj, thiab qhov loj tshaj ntawm cov cag.
3. Bicuspid hniav: nyob tom qab canines, tseem hu ua premolars. Muaj 8 lub hau saum, hauv qab, sab laug thiab sab xis. Muaj ob lub cusps nyob rau sab nrauv occlusal (lub ntsej muag me me bicuspid hniav qee zaum muaj peb cusps), lub hau yog qhov cub tsis xwm yeem, lub hauv paus tiaj tiaj, thiab nws yog tib lub hauv paus. Ib khub ntawm canines feem ntau muaj ob lub hauv paus.
4. Molar cov hniav: Tom qab cov hniav bicuspid, muaj 12 tus hniav sab saud, qis dua, sab laug thiab sab xis. Cov yas yog loj thiab cubic, qhov saum npoo ntawm lub dab tshos sab saud yog qhov tsis xwm yeem, thiab qhov tshwm sim saum npoo ntawm cov dab tshos sab saud yog cov duab plaub. Feem ntau muaj 4 ^ -5 cusps. Lub tsho loj tshaj sab hniav sab saum toj feem ntau muaj peb lub hauv paus, thiab sab txheej tshos hniav puas muaj ob cag.