Txij li Gleiter li al. coj txoj hauv kev npaj nanomaterials nyob rau xyoo 1991, nanomaterials tau ua tiav zoo tom qab 10 xyoo ntawm txoj kev loj hlob. Tam sim no, muaj ntau yam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nano, uas tau muab faib ua cov khoom siv hlau, nano ceramic cov ntaub ntawv, nano cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov ntaub ntawv nano sib xyaw, nano polymer cov ntaub ntawv, thiab lwm yam raws li lawv cov ntaub ntawv. Nanomaterials yog cov ntaub ntawv super-microparticle, hu ua" cov ntaub ntawv tshiab hauv xyoo pua 21st", thiab muaj ntau lub zog tshwj xeeb.
Piv txwv li, lub zog thiab tawv ntawm cov khoom sintered nrog nano-teev hlau hmoov yog ntau tshaj qhov qub hlau, thiab nano-hlau tig los ntawm tus neeg xyuas pib mus rau hauv ib qho rwb thaiv tsev. General ceramics muaj tsawg lub zog thiab yog brittle heev. Txawm li cas los xij, ceramics sintered los ntawm nano-qhov loj me hmoov tsis tsuas yog muaj lub zog zoo tab sis kuj muaj cov tawv zoo. Cov ntsiab lus yaj ntawm nanomaterials yuav nqis zuj zus raws li lub taub ntawm ultrafine hmoov txo. Piv txwv li, lub ntsiab lus yaj ntawm kub yog 1064 ° C, tab sis lub ntsiab lus melting ntawm 10nm kub hmoov yog txo rau 940 ° C, thiab lub ntsiab lus melting ntawm snm kub hmoov yog txo rau 830 ° C, yog li cov kub sintering tau zoo heev txo qis. Qhov ntsuas kub ntawm sintering ntawm nano-ceramics muaj qis dua ntau dua li qub ceramics. Nano-catalysts ntxiv rau roj av. Muaj peev xwm txhim kho cov ua tau zoo ntawm sab hauv lub cav kev sib txuas.
Ntxiv cov roj hluav taws xob tuaj yeem kho qhov foob pob zeb. Cov tshuaj yog tsim rau hauv nanometer hmoov. Nws tuaj yeem raug txhaj tshuaj rau hauv cov hlab ntshav thiab nkag rau cov hlab ntsha ncaj qha.