Lub siab qhov hluav taws xob ncaj qha tam sim no tau thov rau lub raj xa hluav taws uas nyob ze rau lub tshuab nqus tsev sab hauv thiab kaw nrog cov hlau hluav taws xob ntawm ob qho kawg, thiab cathode yuav tawm cathode rays ntawm ib kawg. Lub vijtsam fluorescent tuaj yeem nthuav qhia cov kev coj ntawm hom xaj no. Yog tias qhov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob teb thov, cathode rays yuav ua kev cuam tshuam ntawm qhov anode; thiab yog tias lub log muab nruab rau hauv lub khob raj, cov duab hluav taws xob tuaj yeem ua rau lub log tig. Tom qab ntawd nws tau lees tias cathode rays yog cov pab pawg ntawm cov qes hluav taws xob nrog cov kev coj tsis zoo, uas yog, hluav taws xob ntawm hluav taws xob. Hluav taws xob tau pom ntawm no.
Lub tshuab hluav taws xob yog thawj zaug subatomic particle nrhiav tau. Txog tam sim no, cov xaim hluav taws xob yog lub teeb tshaj plaws ntawm txhua qhov hais, tsuas yog 9.11 × 10⁻³¹kg, uas yog hydrogen atom [1 / 1836.152701 (37)], uas tau dhau los ntawm Millikan nyob ib ncig ntawm 1910 Lub npe nrov" roj poob kev sim" ; tau ua. Ib qho hluav taws xob muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm ib chav, uas yog, 4.8 × 10⁻¹⁹ electrostatic chav lossis 1.6 × 10⁻¹⁹ coulomb. Nws qhov ntsuas yog qhov me me los ntsuas ntsuas nrog thev naus laus zis uas twb muaj lawm.
Niaj hnub nimno physics ntseeg hais tias ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas yog caj dab yog ib qho ntawm cov theem pib ntawm teeb meem (lwm qhov yog tus ua haujlwm hauv pob zeb).