Nanotechnology, tseem hu ua nanotechnology, yog thev naus laus zis rau kev kawm txog cov khoom thiab cov ntawv siv ntawm cov khoom siv nrog cov qauv qauv txij li 1 nanometer txog 100 nanometers. Tom qab tsim muaj ntawm lub scanning tunneling lub tshuab tsom hauv xyoo 1981, lub ntiaj teb molecular nrog qhov ntev ntawm 1 txog 100 nanometers tau yug. Nws lub hom phiaj kawg yog siv ncaj qha atoms lossis cov lwg me me los tsim cov khoom lag luam nrog cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb [2]. Yog li no, nanotechnology yeej yog qhov thev naus laus zis uas siv ib qho atoms thiab molecules kom ua teeb meem.
Los ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb kom deb li deb, muaj peb lub tswv yim txog nanotechnology:
Ua ntej yog cov nanotechnology molecular tawm tswv yim los ntawm Asmeskas tus kws tshawb fawb Dr. Drexler hauv phau ntawv" Lub Tshuab ntawm Tsim" nyob rau xyoo 1986. Raws li lub tswvyim no, lub tshuab ua ke nrog cov lwg me me tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv kev siv, kom txhua hom lwg me me tuaj yeem tuaj yeem ua ke, kev xaiv txhua hom qauv tsim molecular tuaj yeem tsim. Lub tswv yim ntawm nanotechnology no tseem tsis tau muaj kev txhim kho tseem ceeb.
Lub tswvyim thib ob yog qhia nanotechnology raws li kev txwv ntawm micromachining technology. Ntawd yog, thev naus laus zis ntawm kev tsim nano-qhov loj me qauv los ntawm nano-precision" ua" ;. Qhov nano-qib ua thev naus laus zis tseem ua rau semiconductor miniaturization txog mus txog nws cov kev txwv. Txawm hais tias qhov thev naus laus zis tseem niaj hnub tsim kho, hauv kev xav, nws yuav thaum kawg mus txog nws txwv. Qhov no yog vim hais tias yog hais tias lub xaim qhov dav ntawm lub voj voos yog maj mam txo, insulating zaj duab xis constituting Circuit Court yuav dhau los ua nyias, uas yuav rhuav tshem cov insulating nyhuv. Tsis tas li ntawd, muaj teeb meem xws li cov cua sov tsim thiab co. Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem no, cov neeg tshawb nrhiav tau kawm hom tshiab ntawm nanotechnology.
Lub tswvyim thib peb yog tswv yim los ntawm qhov pom ntawm biology. Thaum xub thawj, cov kab mob muaj nano-nplai qauv hauv cov hlwb thiab biofilms. Kev tsim kho ntawm cov thev naus laus zis molecular computers thiab cell cell computers tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm nano-biotechnology.